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Notes at the bottom of page are footnotes, at the end of the text are called endnotes. The endnote cites the author’s name first name and then family name. If using footnotes/endnotes, the first time a source is used as an endnote, it is given a full citation. Works are numbered and are listed sequentially to match their placement in the text.

Start footnotes four lines below the text.Įndnotes: Appear at the end of the research paper on a separate page.

Generally considered notes style of citation where footnotes are used at the end of the page, but this style also has provisions for author-date documentation with reference.įootnotes: Appear at the bottom of page where the work is cited. Remember: in this style, indent the second line of the citation 5 spaces. In the bibliography, where all of the sources are listed, the author’s family name is first. Like Chicago, the first time a source is used as an endnote, it is given a full citation. The other option is parenthetical reference/reference list similar to APA. Academically, Chicago style is often prefered for history papers.Two styles of documentation are allowed in this style, but footnotes or endnotes with a bibliography is most common. Used in the professional world of publishing for all subject areas. The information required in these notes is nearly identical only a few formating differences are required. Chicago and Turabian are extrememly similar in that they both use footnotes or endnotes.